One of the answers was edited to “portion”, which is the same idea, I think either portion or proportion is elegant and simple. If anyone has been using proportion then I’d stick with that, though portion is nice and succinct.
In general usage, 'proportion' is not limited to the unit interval [1][2]. Offhand, however, I cannot think of a use of 'portion' that does not refer to part of a whole [3]. I think this is the best suggestion so far.